Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh)
are stored within the
a. | tips of the dendrites. | b. | cell body. | c. | postsynaptic
receptors. | d. | axon
terminals. |
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2.
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What is the name of the space between the axon of
one neuron and the dendrite of a second neuron?
a. | Vesicle | b. | Cell body | c. | Synapse | d. | Node of
Ranvier |
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3.
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What is the name of the enzyme that destroys
acetylcholine?
a. | Dopamine | b. | ACh | c. | Acetylcholinesterase | d. | Norepinephrine |
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4.
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The frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal
lobes form the
a. | brain stem. | b. | cerebrum. | c. | cerebellum. | d. | reticular
formation. |
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5.
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The primary somatosensory area and the primary
motor area are separated by
a. | Broca’s area. | b. | the central sulcus. | c. | the pia
mater. | d. | the longitudinal
fissure. |
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6.
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There are four major areas of the brain: the
cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and
a. | hypothalamus. | b. | medulla oblongata. | c. | limbic
system. | d. | cerebellum. |
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7.
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Which word best describes the precentral
gyrus?
a. | Olfactory | b. | Visual | c. | Motor | d. | Language |
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8.
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Excessive opioids (narcotics) depress the medulla
oblongata and therefore cause
a. | Parkinson’s disease. | b. | blindness. | c. | respiratory
depression. | d. | hypertension. |
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9.
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Endorphins are
a. | natural morphine-like substances that can reduce anxiety
and induce a sense of well-being. | b. | energy sources
much like ATP. | c. | secreted by the
choroid plexus and circulated within the subarachnoid space. | d. | waste products generated by depolarizing
neurons. |
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10.
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The surface of the cerebrum is folded into
elevations that resemble speed bumps; these speed bumps are called
a. | fissures. | b. | sulci. | c. | foramen. | d. | convolutions, or
gyri. |
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11.
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The medulla oblongata descends as the
a. | diencephalons. | b. | hypothalamus. | c. | cerebellum. | d. | spinal
cord. |
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12.
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The pituitary gland sits beneath the
a. | medulla oblongata. | b. | brain stem. | c. | hypothalamus. | d. | cerebellum. |
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13.
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Which of the following best describes the arachnoid
mater?
a. | Limbic system | b. | Meninges | c. | Blood-brain
barrier | d. | Cranium |
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14.
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The nodes of Ranvier
a. | are located along the postsynaptic
membrane. | b. | increase the speed of the action
potential. | c. | synthesize the
neurotransmitter acetylcholine. | d. | store ACh in tiny
vesicles. |
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15.
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What is the name of clusters of cell bodies that
are located outside the central nervous system?
a. | Glia | b. | Nodes of Ranvier | c. | Nuclei | d. | Ganglia |
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16.
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Which of the following is most related to
“saltatory conduction”?
a. | Dendrites | b. | Choroid plexus | c. | Nodes of
Ranvier | d. | Astrocytes |
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17.
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Which of the following structures brings
information toward the cell body?
a. | Dendrites | b. | Axons | c. | Nodes of
Ranvier | d. | Axon terminals |
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18.
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What is the name of the first phase of the action
potential that is caused by the inward movement of sodium?
a. | Repolarization | b. | Refractory period | c. | Depolarization | d. | Saltatory
conduction |
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19.
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What is the term applied to the inability of a
neuron to accept a stimulus while the neuron is still depolarized?
a. | Repolarization | b. | Threshold potential | c. | Resting membrane
potential | d. | Refractory period |
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20.
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What is the name of the motor speech area located
in the frontal lobe?
a. | The brain stem | b. | The pons | c. | Broca’s
area | d. | The diencephalon |
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21.
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Which structure is part of the diencephalon; it
regulates the anterior pituitary gland, water balance, appetite, body temperature, and the autonomic
nervous system?
a. | Cerebellum | b. | Pons | c. | Medulla
oblongata | d. | Hypothalamus |
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22.
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Which structure plays a key role in personality
development and emotional and behavioral expression, and carries out the “executive”
functions?
a. | Cerebellum | b. | Frontal lobe | c. | Basal
ganglia | d. | Medulla oblongata |
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23.
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The corpus callosum
a. | connects the medulla oblongata and the spinal
cord. | b. | is a band of gray matter that lines the
ventricles. | c. | is the point at
which all motor fibers decussate. | d. | connects the right
and left cerebral hemispheres. |
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24.
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Parkinson’s disease
a. | is caused by a deficiency of dopamine within the basal
ganglia. | b. | refers to any increase in intracranial
pressure. | c. | is a demyelinating disease. | d. | is caused by a slow cerebral bleeding
episode. |
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25.
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The medulla oblongata descends into the vertebral
cavity through the
a. | corpus callosum. | b. | obturator foramen. | c. | central
canal. | d. | foramen magnum. |
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26.
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The postcentral gyrus
a. | is the primary visual cortex. | b. | is located in the parietal lobe. | c. | contains the primary motor cortex. | d. | performs the “executive”
functions. |
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27.
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Frontal eye fields
a. | perform a motor role regarding the
eyes. | b. | receive sensory information from the optic
nerve. | c. | allow the person to interpret visual
information. | d. | determine the
color of the eyes. |
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28.
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The precentral gyrus
a. | is the frontal lobe. | b. | is the primary visual cortex. | c. | contains the primary somatosensory area. | d. | is called the vital center. |
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29.
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The medulla oblongata is
a. | an infratentorial structure. | b. | located in the brain stem. | c. | sensitive to the effects of opioids (narcotics). | d. | all of the above. |
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30.
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The postcentral gyrus
a. | is located in the frontal
lobe. | b. | controls voluntary motor
activity. | c. | sends all its information to the occipital
lobe. | d. | contains the somatosensory
area. |
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31.
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Which of the following relationships is
true?
a. | Temporal lobe: Broca’s
area | b. | Frontal lobe: somatosensory (touch, pressure,
pain) | c. | Precentral gyrus: motor
homunculus | d. | Temporal lobe:
vital center |
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32.
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Neuroglia
a. | are confined to the peripheral nervous
system. | b. | include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and
ependymal cells. | c. | fire action
potentials when stimulated. | d. | All of the above
are true. |
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33.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of the
nodes of Ranvier?
a. | Neurotransmitter-storing vesicles in the axon
terminals | b. | Exposed (unmyelinated) axonal
membrane | c. | Enlargements formed by a concentration of Schwann
cells | d. | Patches of blood vessels called the choroid
plexus |
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34.
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Which of the following describes cerebral
lateralization?
a. | Sensory and motor | b. | Afferent and efferent | c. | Right brain and
left brain | d. | Neuronal and
neuroglial |
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35.
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Which of the following best describes the
tentorium?
a. | Extension of the dura mater | b. | Lining of the cerebral ventricles and central canal | c. | Another name for the arachnoid mater | d. | Another name for the corpus callosum |
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