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VN 131 CHAPTER 9 HOMEWORK

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

Which of the following muscles is described as striated and involuntary?
a.
Aponeurosis
b.
Smooth
c.
Skeletal
d.
Cardiac
 

 2. 

Actin is
a.
located within the neuromuscular junction.
b.
a contractile protein that is called a thin filament.
c.
called the thick filament.
d.
stored within the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
 

 3. 

“Pumping iron” is most likely to cause
a.
atrophy.
b.
contracture formation.
c.
hypertrophy.
d.
muscular dystrophy.
 

 4. 

The orbicularis oris muscle
a.
surrounds the mouth.
b.
flexes the head.
c.
is the smiling muscle.
d.
closes the eye.
 

 5. 

The biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus
a.
flex the foot.
b.
attach to the patella.
c.
are the hamstrings.
d.
are located on the anterior thigh.
 

 6. 

The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius
a.
insert on the calcaneus.
b.
flex the leg at the knee.
c.
are antagonistic to the quadriceps femoris.
d.
are the muscles of the quadriceps femoris.
 

 7. 

Which flat muscle covers the forehead and raises the eyebrows (for a “surprised” look)?
a.
Frontalis
b.
Zygomaticus
c.
Masseter
d.
Buccinator
 

 8. 

Which muscles are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing?
a.
Diaphragm
b.
Sternocleidomastoid
c.
Serratus anterior
d.
Intercostal muscles
 

 9. 

The brachialis and brachioradialis
a.
flex the forearm at the elbow.
b.
extend the hand.
c.
are antagonistic to the biceps brachii.
d.
shrug the shoulders.
 

 10. 

Which muscle attaches to the cranial aponeurosis and wrinkles the forehead?
a.
Frontalis
b.
Buccinator
c.
Orbicularis oculi
d.
Platysma
 

 11. 

“Make like a scarecrow” by contracting which muscle?
a.
Frontalis
b.
Trapezius
c.
Latissimus dorsi
d.
Deltoid
 

 12. 

Which muscle lies along the anterior surface of the humerus and acts synergistically with the brachialis and brachioradialis to flex the forearm at the elbow?
a.
Deltoid
b.
Triceps brachii
c.
Biceps brachii
d.
Latissimus dorsi
 

 13. 

Which of the following is a series of contractile units that make up each myofibril (each unit extends from Z line to Z line)?
a.
Sarcomeres
b.
Synapses
c.
Fascicles
d.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
 

 14. 

Which structure is an extension of the sarcolemma or cell membrane, which penetrates the interior of the muscle and carries the electrical signal to the deepest part of the muscle?
a.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
b.
T tubule
c.
Z line
d.
Tendon
 

 15. 

Which of the following is responsible for muscle relaxation?
a.
The sarcomere runs out of ATP.
b.
Calcium floods the area of the sarcomere, allowing for the interaction of actin and myosin.
c.
Calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
d.
Acetylcholinesterase in the neuromuscular junction is depleted.
 

 16. 

Joey has had his leg in a non–weight-bearing cast for 8 weeks. When the cast is removed, the leg appears smaller than the uninjured leg. Which term best describes this observation?
a.
Contracture
b.
Hypertrophy
c.
Muscle dystrophy
d.
Disuse atrophy
 

 17. 

Which muscle covers the shoulder like a shoulder pad?
a.
Deltoid
b.
Trapezius
c.
Biceps brachii
d.
Sternocleidomastoid
 

 18. 

Which muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is also the chief breathing muscle?
a.
Serratus anterior
b.
Intercostal muscle
c.
Sternocleidomastoid
d.
Diaphragm
 

 19. 

Which muscles are located on the inner (medial) surface of the thigh and move the thigh toward the midline of the body?
a.
Gastrocnemius
b.
Quadriceps femoris
c.
Adductors
d.
Sartorius
 

 20. 

The Achilles tendon attaches the soleus and which muscle to the calcaneus?
a.
Sartorius
b.
Quadriceps femoris
c.
Gastrocnemius
d.
Vastus lateralis
 

 21. 

With regard to skeletal muscle contraction, which event comes last?
a.
Shortening of the sarcomere
b.
Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c.
Activation of the NM receptors by ACh
d.
Release of neurotransmitter (ACh) from the somatic motor neuron
 

 22. 

Which group is incorrect?
a.
Dysfunction at the neuromuscular junction: botulism, myasthenia gravis
b.
Contractile proteins: thin filaments, myosin, aponeurosis
c.
Terms that describe the muscle activity of a whole muscle: twitch and tetany
d.
Movements: flexion, supination, abduction
 

 23. 

Which type of muscle requires stimulation by a somatic motor neuron?
a.
Visceral
b.
Smooth
c.
Cardiac
d.
Skeletal
 

 24. 

Which of the following “slides” in the sliding filament hypothesis?
a.
Calcium and ATP
b.
Sarcoplasm and T tubules
c.
Actin and myosin
d.
Epimysium and perimysium
 

 25. 

Which of the following causes the force that generates cross-bridges?
a.
Binding of the acetylcholine to the NM receptor in the neuromuscular junction
b.
The interaction of acetylcholine and cholinesterase
c.
The rotation of the myosin head on the actin
d.
The pumping of calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
 

 26. 

Which of the following is most related to actin and myosin?
a.
Considered contractile proteins
b.
Form force-generating cross-bridges
c.
Sliding filaments
d.
All of the above
 

 27. 

Muscle relaxation
a.
is a response to the binding of ACh to the receptor.
b.
occurs when calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
c.
is a response to the inactivation of acetylcholinesterase by ACh.
d.
occurs when the tendons lengthen.
 

 28. 

The somatic motor nerve that supplies the muscles of the thigh has been severed; therefore, the person
a.
will be able to walk only if he or she receives IV calcium.
b.
cannot walk.
c.
can walk but has no feeling in the lower extremities.
d.
can stand but cannot walk.
 

 29. 

The biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis muscles
a.
have their origin on the scapula.
b.
act synergistically with the triceps brachii.
c.
extend the forearm.
d.
flex the forearm at the elbow.
 

 30. 

Where are the pronators and supinators located?
a.
Thigh
b.
Abdomen
c.
Lower back
d.
Upper extremities
 



 
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