Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which of the following is located in the orbits
surrounding the nucleus?
a. | Isotopes | b. | Protons | c. | Electrons | d. | Neutrons |
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2.
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Which of the following is a measurement of hydrogen
ion concentration [H+]?
a. | Atomic number | b. | Atomic mass | c. | Isotope | d. | pH |
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3.
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The sharing of electrons is referred to
as
a. | covalent bonding. | b. | ionic bonding. | c. | radioactive
decay. | d. | isotope
formation. |
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4.
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Which element must be present for a substance to be
classified as organic?
a. | Iodine | b. | Iron | c. | Carbon | d. | Calcium |
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5.
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A cation is a(n)
a. | positively charged ion. | b. | electrolyte. | c. | isotope. | d. | ion that has an
atomic mass of 2. |
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6.
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Which of the following is an anion?
a. | Sodium ion | b. | Potassium ion | c. | Chloride
ion | d. | Calcium ion |
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7.
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Which ion has 8 protons in the nucleus and 9
electrons in its orbits?
a. | Cation | b. | Electrolyte | c. | Acid | d. | Anion |
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8.
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Which of the following is true of an
anion?
a. | An anion always ionizes to form
electrolytes. | b. | An anion always
has an atomic mass of 15. | c. | An anion carries a
negative charge. | d. | Hydrogen ion is an
anion. |
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9.
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NaCl, table salt, is called a(n)
a. | anion. | b. | electrolyte. | c. | cation. | d. | ion. |
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10.
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Which process refers to the dissociation of NaCl
into Na+ and Cl–?
a. | Radioactivity | b. | Ionization | c. | Covalent
bonding | d. | Hydrogen bonding |
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11.
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Which of the following is descriptive of the
chemical reaction in the previous question?
a. | Cation + anion ®
electrolyte | b. | Electrolyte ® cation + anion | c. | Electrolyte +
anion ® cation | d. | Neutralization of
an acid by a base |
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12.
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Which of the following is an anion?
a. | NaCl | b. | KCl | c. | H2SO4 | d. | HCO3– |
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13.
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Which of the following represents bicarbonate, an
anion that is important in acid-base regulation?
a. | HCl | b. | Ca(OH)2 | c. | HCO3– | d. | KCl |
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14.
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Which compound is the universal
solvent?
a. | Carbon dioxide | b. | Oxygen | c. | ATP | d. | Water |
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15.
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[H+] refers to
a. | an isotope of hydrogen. | b. | heavy hydrogen. | c. | hydrogen
bonding. | d. | hydrogen ion
concentration. |
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16.
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Which compound is a waste product of cellular
metabolism?
a. | Oxygen | b. | Carbon dioxide | c. | Catalyst | d. | ATP |
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17.
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Which of the following increases the speed of a
chemical reaction, but is itself not used up in the chemical reaction?
a. | An isotope | b. | A cation | c. | A
catalyst | d. | ATP |
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18.
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What is the energy-transferring
molecule?
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19.
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Which of the following acts as a
catalyst?
a. | An acid | b. | An enzyme | c. | A
buffer | d. | ATP |
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20.
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Na+
a. | is an anion. | b. | is an electrolyte. | c. | bonds ionically
with Ca2+. | d. | is a
cation. |
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21.
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Which of the following carries no net electrical
charge?
a. | An anion | b. | A cation | c. | A polar
molecule | d. | An ion |
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22.
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Which of the following illustrates antacid
activity?
a. | NaCl ® Na+ +
Cl– | b. | HCl ® H+ + Cl– | c. | Mg(OH)2 + HCl ® MgCl2 +
H2O | d. | KCl ® K+ +
Cl– |
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23.
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Iron is a(n)
a. | anion. | b. | electrolyte. | c. | acid. | d. | cation. |
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24.
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A solution that has a pH of 6.8
a. | has a neutral pH. | b. | is alkaline. | c. | is
basic. | d. | is acidic. |
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25.
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What happens when HCl is added to a solution with a
pH of 7.45?
a. | The pH will be higher than
7.45. | b. | The solution will become more
alkaline. | c. | The [H+] of the solution will
increase. | d. | The pH will be higher than
8.0. |
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26.
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Which pH is considered neutral?
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27.
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Blood has a pH range of 7.35 to 7.45 and
therefore
a. | is acidic. | b. | is three to four times more viscous (thicker) than
water. | c. | has a pH that is similar to urine and stomach
contents. | d. | is alkaline. |
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28.
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In which of the following is the number of hydrogen
ions greater?
a. | An alkaline solution | b. | A basic solution | c. | Blood | d. | Urine |
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29.
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An atom has 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons;
it has an atomic
a. | number of 6. | b. | mass of 2. | c. | mass of
4. | d. | number of 4. |
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30.
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An atom has 1 proton, 0 neutrons, and 1 electron;
its isotope has
a. | 2 electrons and 0 neutrons. | b. | 2 protons and 2 neutrons. | c. | 1 proton and 1 neutron. | d. | 2 protons and 0
neutrons. |
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31.
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An atom has 1 proton, 0 neutrons, and 1 electron.
What will convert this atom to a cation?
a. | Add 1 neutron. | b. | Add 1 proton. | c. | Lose 1
electron. | d. | Add 1 proton and 2 neutrons, and eliminate 1
electron. |
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32.
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Which of the following best describes a solution in
which water is the solvent?
a. | Colloidal suspension | b. | Aqueous solution | c. | Tincture | d. | Isotope |
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33.
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Which of the following best describes a solution in
which alcohol is the solvent?
a. | Tincture | b. | Alkaline | c. | Acid | d. | Aqueous |
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34.
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A combination of sugar granules and iron filings is
best described as a(n)
a. | mixture. | b. | colloidal suspension. | c. | tincture. | d. | isotope. |
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35.
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Which of the following can neutralize
H+?
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36.
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Which of the following is incorrect?
a. | Mixtures: suspension, colloidal suspension,
solution | b. | Ions: Na+, Cl–,
Ca2+, K+ | c. | Electrolytes:
NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, HCO3– | d. | Cations: Na+, Ca2+, K+,
H+ |
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37.
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Which of the following is true of iodine and
radioactive iodine?
a. | Both have the same atomic
numbers. | b. | Both have the same atomic
masses. | c. | Neither have electrons in their
orbits. | d. | Both create radiation
hazards. |
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38.
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Which of the following is true of
Na+?
a. | Called the sodium
ion | b. | Has fewer protons than
electrons | c. | Called an anion | d. | Lowers pH |
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39.
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Which of the following is true of
Cl–?
a. | Is an electrolyte | b. | Is an anion | c. | Increases
pH | d. | Is an electrolyte |
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40.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of
HCl?
a. | Is called bicarbonate | b. | Is an acid | c. | Raises
pH | d. | Dissociates into Na+ and
Cl– |
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41.
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Water is a(n)
a. | molecule. | b. | aqueous solvent. | c. | compound. | d. | all of the
above. |
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42.
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An atom that has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3
electrons
a. | has an atomic mass of 7. | b. | is a cation. | c. | has an atomic
number of 4. | d. | has an atomic
number of 10. |
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43.
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An atom has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons;
another atom has 3 protons, 3 neutrons, and 3 electrons. Which of the following is most descriptive
of this pair of atoms?
a. | Mixture | b. | Cation | c. | Electrolyte | d. | Isotope |
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44.
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An atom that has 4 protons, 4 neutrons, and 4
electrons. It
a. | has an atomic number of 8. | b. | is a cation. | c. | has an atomic mass
of 12. | d. | has an atomic mass of
8. |
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45.
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ATP
a. | is a buffer, removing H+ from
solution. | b. | is an energy transfer
molecule. | c. | is a radioactive isotope of
phosphate. | d. | ionizes to
H+, thereby lowering pH. |
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46.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of the
nucleus of the atom?
a. | Contents determine the atomic
number | b. | Contents determine the atomic
mass | c. | “Home” of the
protons | d. | All of the above |
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47.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of ionic
and covalent?
a. | Types of bonding in which the electrons are
shared | b. | Types of bonding in which the electrons are
swapped | c. | Types of bonding | d. | Types of bonding only found in reactions in which H+ is
produced |
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48.
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An electrolyte
a. | dissociates into ions. | b. | yields only cations. | c. | always yields
H+ and lowers pH. | d. | always removes
H+ and increases pH. |
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49.
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A catalyst
a. | is an H+-yielding
molecule. | b. | is an acid. | c. | is an alkali. | d. | increases the
speed of a chemical reaction. |
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50.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of the
function of an enzyme?
a. | Neutralization | b. | Ionization | c. | Catalyst | d. | pH |
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51.
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A patient with a blood pH of 7.28
a. | has an excess of
H+. | b. | has a blood pH
that is within normal limits. | c. | is
alkalotic. | d. | has a blood pH
that indicates a deficiency of acid. |
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52.
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A solution with a pH of 8
a. | is more acidic than blood. | b. | is more acidic than stomach contents. | c. | has more H+ than urine. | d. | is more alkaline than blood. |
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53.
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The pH of urine
a. | is more alkaline than blood. | b. | is always acidic. | c. | can be acidic or
alkaline. | d. | is more acidic than stomach
contents. |
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54.
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The addition of H+ to
blood
a. | increases blood pH. | b. | makes the blood more acidic. | c. | makes the blood more alkaline. | d. | changes the blood pH from 7.4 to 7.8. |
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55.
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Blood is called a colloidal suspension
because
a. | it has a pH of 7.4. | b. | it is alkaline. | c. | of the suspended
plasma proteins. | d. | of the sodium and
chloride ions |
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