Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which of the following is a nitrogen-containing
waste product?
a. | Glucose | b. | Adenosine triphosphate | c. | Carbon
dioxide | d. | Urea |
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2.
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Which of the following is a waste product of
glucose metabolism?
a. | ATP | b. | CO2 | c. | Urea | d. | Glycogen |
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3.
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Glucose is usually broken down to
a. | make carbon dioxide. | b. | provide energy (ATP) for the working cells. | c. | use up urea. | d. | make
glycogen. |
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4.
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Which of the following are building blocks of
protein?
a. | Monosaccharides | b. | Glucose, fructose, and galactose | c. | Amino acids | d. | Cellulose and
glycogen |
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5.
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Glycogen is
a. | an end product of fatty acid
catabolism. | b. | stored in adipose
tissue. | c. | the storage form of glucose. | d. | an essential amino acid. |
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6.
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Sucrose, lactose, and maltose are classified
as
a. | enzymes. | b. | disaccharides. | c. | peptides. | d. | nucleotides. |
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7.
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Which of the following are joined together by
peptide bonds?
a. | Amino acids | b. | Monosaccharides | c. | Lipids | d. | Steroids |
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8.
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Cholesterol is
a. | an essential amino acid. | b. | stored as glycogen. | c. | degraded to
sucrose, lactose, and maltose. | d. | used to synthesize
steroids. |
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9.
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Which of the following is not a carbohydrate
term?
a. | Glycogen | b. | Monosaccharide | c. | Glycerol | d. | Sucrose, maltose,
and lactose |
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10.
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Starch is classified as a(n)
a. | lipid. | b. | fatty acid. | c. | amino
acid. | d. | polysaccharide. |
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11.
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Which of the following describes the breakdown of
glucose to lactic acid?
a. | Aerobic | b. | Krebs cycle | c. | Glycolysis | d. | Gluconeogenesis |
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12.
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Which of the following is (are) produced by the
rapid and incomplete breakdown of fatty acids?
a. | Acetone and ketoacids | b. | Lactic acid | c. | Amino
acids | d. | Urea |
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13.
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Ketone body formation is most likely to
cause
a. | infection. | b. | acidosis. | c. | bleeding. | d. | protein
deficiency. |
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14.
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Which of the following is most related to
glycolysis?
a. | Krebs cycle | b. | Mitochondria | c. | Lactic
acid | d. | Aerobic |
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15.
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In the absence of oxygen, glucose is catabolized
to
a. | lactic acid. | b. | carbon dioxide and water. | c. | urea. | d. | fatty
acid. |
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16.
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Which of the following is least related to lactic
acid?
a. | Glycolysis | b. | Krebs cycle | c. | Anaerobic | d. | Cytoplasm |
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17.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of
glucose?
a. | Disaccharide | b. | Peptide | c. | Glycerol | d. | Carbohydrate |
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18.
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Starches, amylases, and disaccharidases are related
to
a. | carbohydrates. | b. | steroids. | c. | enzymes. | d. | peptides. |
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19.
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Which of the following terms is most descriptive of
ribose and deoxyribose?
a. | Steroids | b. | Lipids | c. | Sugars | d. | Disaccharides |
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20.
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Which of the following processes forms most
ATP?
a. | Glycolysis | b. | Conversion of glucose to glycogen | c. | Aerobic catabolism of glucose | d. | Catabolism of glucose to lactic acid |
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21.
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An NH2 group and a COOH group are most
characteristic of a(n)
a. | fatty acid. | b. | amino acid. | c. | monosaccharide. | d. | ketoacid. |
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22.
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DNA
a. | is double-stranded and stores the genetic
code. | b. | contains ribose as its sugar. | c. | is located within the cytoplasm. | d. | contains the following bases: cytosine, guanine, adenine, and
uracil. |
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23.
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Which of the following is true of base
sequencing?
a. | Occurs within the
mitochondrion | b. | Occurs along the
ribosome | c. | Stores the genetic code | d. | Is a function of the Krebs cycle |
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24.
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Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
are
a. | bases of DNA. | b. | sugars used to synthesize nucleotides. | c. | intermediates of the Krebs cycle. | d. | amino acids. |
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25.
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Adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine
are
a. | sugars used to synthesize
nucleotides. | b. | bases of
RNA. | c. | nonessential amino acids. | d. | ketone bodies. |
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26.
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Which of the following is a double-stranded nucleic
acid that is called the blueprint for life?
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27.
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With which process are both DNA and mRNA
involved?
a. | Transcription | b. | Translation | c. | Glycolysis | d. | ATP
production |
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28.
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Which of the following carries the individual amino
acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for assembly into a protein?
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29.
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With which base can adenine pair?
a. | Guanine | b. | Cytosine | c. | Ribose | d. | Uracil |
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30.
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tRNA reads the genetic code stored in
a. | DNA. | b. | ribosomes. | c. | mRNA. | d. | nuclear
membrane. |
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31.
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mRNA “gets” the genetic code
from
a. | DNA. | b. | tRNA. | c. | the ribosomes on
the ER. | d. | centrioles. |
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32.
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Which of the following is least related to
urea?
a. | Hepatic synthesis | b. | Nitrogenous waste | c. | Chemical formula
is NH4+ | d. | Excreted in the
urine |
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33.
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In G0, the cell is
a. | resting. | b. | undergoing mitosis. | c. | duplicating
DNA. | d. | making mRNA. |
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34.
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Gluconeogenesis is a process that
makes
a. | glucose from glycogen. | b. | glucose from protein. | c. | protein from
glucose. | d. | protein from fat. |
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35.
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Gluconeogenesis
a. | increases blood cholesterol. | b. | increases urea synthesis. | c. | increases blood glucose. | d. | causes
hypoglycemia. |
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36.
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Which of the following is descriptive of
monosaccharides?
a. | Fatty acids | b. | Stored as glycogen | c. | Joined together by
peptide bonds | d. | The most important
is trypsin. |
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37.
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Glycogen is a(n)
a. | alcohol, an end product of fat
digestion. | b. | indigestible
polysaccharide also called cellulose. | c. | polysaccharide
that is the storage form of glucose. | d. | plant
starch. |
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38.
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Dietary cellulose
a. | is absorbed from the digestive tract and converted to
glucose, and fuels the cells. | b. | is converted to
protein by the process of gluconeogenesis. | c. | is catabolized by
the liver to ketone bodies. | d. | cannot be
metabolized, but is beneficial because it provides fiber and
bulk. |
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39.
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Lactic acidosis
a. | is caused only by rapid and incomplete catabolism of
fatty acids. | b. | is accompanied by
the formation of large amounts of ATP. | c. | develops in
response to prolonged anaerobic catabolism. | d. | is caused only by
extreme exercise characterized by muscle soreness. |
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40.
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The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain
enzymes
a. | are located within the
mitochondria. | b. | function under
anaerobic conditions. | c. | generate lactic
acid. | d. | are responsible for
glycolysis. |
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41.
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What is the following description: three long-chain
fatty acids that are attached to a glycerol molecule?
a. | Steroid | b. | Polysaccharide | c. | Pyrimidine | d. | Triglyceride |
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42.
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What is the following description:
alanine-leucine-cysteine-phenylalanine-proline-arginine?
a. | Fatty acid | b. | Peptide | c. | Disaccharide | d. | Nucleotide |
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43.
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Which of the following is descriptive of
cholesterol?
a. | Protein | b. | Functions as an enzyme | c. | Can be synthesized
by the liver | d. | Primary sequence
and peptide bonds |
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44.
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Which of the following is characteristic of
glycolysis?
a. | Occurs within the cytoplasm | b. | Functions aerobically | c. | Converts protein
to glucose | d. | Completely
metabolizes glucose to CO2, H2O, and ATP |
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45.
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Translation involves
a. | ribose and deoxyribose. | b. | thymine and uracil. | c. | DNA and
mRNA. | d. | mRNA and tRNA. |
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46.
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Which of the following is descriptive of
mitochondrial function?
a. | Lactic acid production | b. | Glycolysis | c. | Aerobic
catabolism | d. | Protein
synthesis |
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47.
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Which of the following is characteristic of
urea?
a. | Formed in the kidneys and excreted by the liver into
bile | b. | Nitrogen-containing waste formed in the
liver | c. | Characterized as an essential amino
acid | d. | Classified as a
disaccharide |
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48.
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Amino acids are
a. | joined together by peptide
bonds. | b. | the building blocks of
protein. | c. | characterized as essential and
nonessential. | d. | all of the
above. |
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49.
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Which of the following is most descriptive of
ammonia?
a. | Nitrogen-containing and
brain-toxic | b. | A
catalyst | c. | An essential amino acid | d. | Derived from glycogen catabolism |
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50.
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Monosaccharides
a. | include glucose, fructose, and
galactose. | b. | include sucrose,
lactose, and maltose. | c. | are classified as
saturated and unsaturated. | d. | are
carbohydrate-splitting enzymes. |
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51.
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Which of the following represents a complementary
strand of DNA: TTT CGC GGG TCG?
a. | UUU GCG AAA UGC | b. | UUU GCG CCC AGC | c. | AAA GCG CCC
AGC | d. | AAA GCG CCC UGC |
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52.
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Which of the following represents a strand of mRNA:
TTT CGC GGG TCG?
a. | UUU GCG CCC UGC | b. | UUU GCG CCC AGC | c. | AAA GCG CCC
AGC | d. | AAA GCG CCC UGC |
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53.
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Which of the following represents a base sequence
of tRNA that will bind to mRNA UUU?
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54.
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Transcription produces
a. | tRNA. | b. | a complementary strand of DNA. | c. | deoxyribose | d. | mRNA. |
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